Leadership

          This leadership key aspects of directing may, in fact, be considered a motivating device itself. Good leaders earn subordinates' aspect and have little trouble in getting them to follow instructions. They do this by displaying such qualities as an ability to do the job, a pleasant personality, human concern and understanding, fairness, an ability to communicate, and loyalty to the company.
          We can easily distinguish types of leadership by the degrees of autocracy used. When an army sergeant gives an order to a private, complete autocracy prevails. The sergeant may or may not have the other qualities of leadership we noted above. When leadership authority is exercised in a manner which reflects concern for the individual, industry finds that better results can be achieved. More democratic leadership provides for group participation in key decisions affecting employees duties. Such participation may be overdone.
          In directing professional people, more democracy in leadership is usually essential. Leadership may also be exercised by having the leader operate essentially in a resource capacity - to answer questions or help with specific problems. This would be particularly applicable in projects of the arts, literature, or research projects for industry.